US banks’ international balance sheet linkages: a data survey

Are Banks Different ? Evidence from International Data

Pecking order models of international finance suggest that countries should become less reliant on international bank lending as they develop. Reduced information costs are one of the factors behind this trend towards disintermediation. This paper presents a simple model on the choice between bank debt and bond finance which builds on Rajan (1992), and it uses two new datasets to test the impli...

Balance Sheet

Profits and Balance Sheet Developments at U.S. Commercial Banks in 2002

N O T E . Except where otherwise indicated, data in this article are from the quarterly Reports of Condition and Income (Call Reports) for insured domestic commercial banks and nondeposit trust companies (hereafter, banks). The data consolidate information from foreign and domestic offices and have been adjusted to take account of mergers. For additional information on the adjustments to the da...

The off-balance sheet banking risk of large U.S. commercial banks

Off-Balance Sheet (OBS) activities of large u.S. commercial banks have been growing rapidly in recent years. These activities represented 58% of total bank assets in 1984 and grew to 176% of total bank assets in 1988. Bank regulators are concerned that OBS activities increase bank risk, and proposed that some OBS activities be included in the calculation of a risk-based capital requirement. Thi...

Modern Monetary Circuit Theory, Stability of Interconnected Banking Network, and Balance Sheet Optimization for Individual Banks

A modern version of Monetary Circuit Theory with a particular emphasis on stochastic underpinning mechanisms is developed. It is explained how money is created by the banking system as a whole and by individual banks. The role of central banks as system stabilizers and liquidity providers is elucidated. It is shown how in the process of money creation banks become naturally interconnected. A no...